Everyone in the Fourteen States knew that Zhao Zhao was just a substitute. It was because he had a face that looked like the crown prince of the Celestial Clan, Mo Yu; that he turned from a wild chicken into a phoenix and was noticed by the God of War, Chang Yuan, who shook the three realms, and was accepted as his disciple. Such a master-disciple relationship is doomed to not last long. When the real disciple of the God of War, Mo Yu, wakes up, he will probably pack up and leave.... more>>

As the person involved, Zhao Zhao also knows that he is just a dispensable substitute. But it doesn’t matter, as long as this master can help him get rid of the days of living under someone else’s roof.
When it comes to pleasing people, he is a professional.

Zhao Zhao is very conscious of fulfilling his basic cultivation that a substitute should have, so as to comfort his master’s longing for his disciple Bai Yueguang. Bai Yueguang is a gifted and rare genius in the immortal world for thousands of years. So, Zhao Zhao forgets to eat and sleep, and works hard to cultivate. Bai Yueguang is very knowledgeable and has a good handwriting, so he reads and writes without getting sleep, and practices calligraphy.
He also took care of everything that Bai Yueguang didn’t have time to do.

Zhao Zhao had only one goal: to hold on to Chang Yuan’s thigh and stay away from the dangers of the world. Until one day, Mo Yu woke up.

#Master has only one heart. Master’s favorite disciple Bai Yueguang suddenly woke up. What should I do to keep the glory in front of me and not look too embarrassed? #Or, before both parties become too embarrassed, just run away.

**

Chang Yuan had always disliked this little disciple who had gone to great lengths to scheme against him and become his disciple on the basis of having a similar face to his beloved disciple Mo Yu. He knows very well that this little thing looks obedient and soft, who loves to please people. But in fact, he is selfish and full of evil thoughts, and would do anything to achieve his goals. His “core” is completely different from the bright and talented, heavenly disciple Mo Yu.

There are three thousand paths to cultivate. But according to his disciple’s temperament, he will definitely choose the most opportunistic one.

Until that day, when the young man appeared under the fierce wind and thunder with a sword in his hand and covered in blood, Chang Yuan realized that the “little spoiled child” in his eyes has chosen the most resolute and difficult path among the three thousand great paths – the Ruthless Path.

Then later, Chang Yuan found a portrait of another man in the room of his cheap disciple. The man in the painting looked 70% like himself. The boy who had always acted cute and coquettishly in front of him said with regret: Although he is not as gentle, considerate, and patient as Shifu, I can still barely fall asleep looking at his face.

Chang Yuan:?

Chang Yuan later realized that the little thing had been pestering him and trying so hard to worship him as a master because he looked like the man in the painting.

**

Everyone knows that the God of War Chang Yuan has a disciple named Bai Yueguang in his heart. He is the son of the Heavenly Monarch and the crown prince of the Heavenly Clan, Mo Yu. Many years ago, he fell into a long sleep because he blocked the calamity for Chang Yuan. In order to wake up his disciple, Chang Yuan traveled all over the world to find a cure. Later, Mo Yu woke up. Everyone thought that the Three Realms would finally be peaceful. Unexpectedly, Chang Yuan began to search the world frantically for another disciple. It is said that not long after Mo Yu woke up, that other disciple fell from the ten-thousand-foot-high Xuexiao Mountain, his soul was scattered, and his body was gone.

[Reading Tips]: Bai Yueguang is a fake Bai Yueguang, and the substitute is a real substitute, but it is a substitute for a certain master. The person in the painting and the attacker are actually the same person, but for some reasons, neither party knows it. <<less

Brain damage and amnesia caused by the bombing.... more>>

That's how I lost myself. But I have a husband.

"Even if you were to kill me, I would willingly die because I love you enough."

He would gladly sacrifice his life if I wanted to.

"Do you want me to kill that person for you? If you want, I can do it."

He is a husband who would willingly sacrifice others' lives if I wanted to.

"I want my memories back."

"Forget it. Me, you, everything."

But the only thing he can’t give me is memories.

"Not knowing anything is the remedy."

Because there is a terrifying truth lurking in my past.

And when I finally face the truth.

"You swindler, you deceived me!"

I wanted to kill my husband. <<less

When the Main God Space was destroyed, Mo Xiao, the reincarnator, taken away by the unknown light ball, entered the new world and found that he became Kurumi Tokisaki!... more>>

The first world: Highschool of the Dead, the second world: Apocalypse Summoner, the third world: Marvel Universe, the fourth world: Fate/Zero, the fifth world: Battle Through the Heavens, The sixth world: ???, The seventh world: Strike the Blood, the eighth world: Re:Zero, the ninth world: Overlord, The tenth world: ???, The eleventh world: Swallowed Star. <<less

It is said that when Gong Yue was in a car accident, Ye Shanshan was filming in the deep mountains and forests. Just at that moment, the lollipop in his mouth fell to the ground. Ye Shanshan picked up the lollipop and pondered in silence– my golden backer.. did he collapse? ... more>>

When Gong Yue woke up, he found that he lost his memories. Afterwards, he caught sight of a cipher he had left prior to the accident– don’t trust anyone but Ye Shanshan. <<less

Yang Huaijin is a unique existence in the Qingyan Gang and even the entire underworld of A City. Graduating from a top-notch university with a bright future ahead, he, instead of contributing to the development of his homeland, chose to dive headfirst into the underworld. Starting from the bottom, he had no complaints whatsoever. He wanted to find someone, an Alpha who had marked him.... more>>

In the end, he found the person, but the other had long forgotten him, and everything about them, including personality and appearance, had changed completely from the time they first met.

They separated for 12 years, but it was just a neck kiss affair.

Both of them were underworld bosses, and both were deeply devoted.

Question: How do I find my lost partner? Answer: Bite first! <<less

There once existed an honorable founder of this panguan school of cultivation. His reputation was illustrious, but nowadays nobody dared to mention him. Even if they did, all they said was, “He met a miserable end.”... more>>

Only Wen Shi still abided by the rules. Every day, he would pay respects to the founder’s ferocious, colorful portrait, but because of that he ended up summoning a sickly tenant.

The tenant stood in front of the portrait and asked, “Who drew this?”

Wen Shi: “Me.”

Don’t ask. If you do, you’ll just end up feeling touched. <<less

In the modern world, corporate elite Ye Muyu experiences a drastic change when she time-travels and finds herself in ancient times. Skipping over marriage, she directly becomes a mother and transforms into a wife of a scholarly gentleman from the past, raising two children. To make matters more complicated, she discovers a ‘husband’ who harbors a particular animosity towards her. Not only that, but there’s also a ‘reborn’ supporting female character, Tang Rou, constantly eyeing Ye Muyu’s position.... more>>

Tang Rou: “Your position belongs to me; I will be the official wife of a first-rank titled gentleman in the future.”

Ye Muyu calmly nods, looking at the stern-faced man in front of her. “Sure.”

In an instant, the man shields Ye Muyu and declares, “You are my wife. Don’t even think about getting rid of me. Outsiders, scram.”

Their son clings to Ye Muyu’s leg, saying, “Get lost. My mother is amazing. If you dare to bully her, I’ll bite you to death.”

The daughter holds Ye Muyu’s arm, stating, “You are a bad person. My mother is the best in the world. If you dare to speak ill of my mother, I’ll report you to the authorities.”

Observing the harmonious ‘Ye’ family, Tang Rou, who has returned from rebirth, grits her teeth in silent resentment: “It shouldn’t be like this. Everything has changed!” <<less

In the dark and filthy underground city, Huo Xianfeng discovered a special omega.... more>>

He is gorgeous, cold, and sharp, like a rose emerging from thorns.

There were more than a dozen wailing alphas lying on the ground, and the beautiful omega was blushing from his turbulent estrus, panting hoarsely.

His silver hair was stained with blood. Disgust and mu*derous intent surged in his beautiful crimson pupils.

"Do you also want to… mark me?"

Huo Xianfeng, who suffered from Pheromone Recognition Disorder, was surprised——

"Why would you think so? I'm just passing by."

".….."

The beautiful omega was shocked for a moment.

Later, Huo Xianfeng still failed to pass by safely. He was brutally pinned against the wall by the beautiful omega and was forced by the other to mark him.

Huo Xianfeng: "…???"

I've never seen such a brazen omega!

---

Jiang Ci's dream is to become the most powerful omega in the world, and trample all the alphas who looked down on him and coveted him.

Later, this dream was shattered.

"Why can't you kiss me and coax me?!"

The beautiful omega got into Huo Xianfeng's arms, angrily biting his Adam's apple, sobbing and crying non-stop,

"Damn Huo Xianfeng, are you incapable?!"

The handsome alpha sighed deeply and stretched out his hand to hold the coquettish wife in his arms,

"Hush, the doctor said you should exercise restraint during pregnancy."

"..." <<less

Cha Min-jun was popular at school with his handsome appearance and affectionate personality. Even in Beta times, he appeared to be the ideal Alpha that everyone dreamed of.... more>>

One day, Na Do-hwa encounters Min-jun’s true identity. He was standing in the middle of a group of bloodied men, holding a blunt weapon, looking like he was crazy about killing.

“Did you see that?”

Do-hwa was terrified as he tried to escape but got caught. He wakes up with a fever after spending the night with him.

Do-hwa, who is scared of Min-jun, tries to get out of the situation by pretending to have amnesia, but...

“W, who are you?”

“This is so unfortunate, but we were meeting on the premise of marriage, and we were supposed to have a ceremony when you graduate.”

A meeting on the premise of marriage? Aren’t they just seonbae and hubae?

“We were also living together.”

Do-hwa just lived alone in a semi-bas**ent room. As if that weren’t bad enough, he manifests as a recessive Omega and is subjected to Min-jun’s unusual harassment.

Do-hwa wants to know what’s going on in his mind, so he pretends to be fooled by his crazy lies, but as the days go by, he finds himself in a situation where he wouldn’t be surprised if Min-jun had a child.

If he gets pregnant, he’ll be in trouble, but can he get away with it?

Do-hwa tries to keep his mind clear, but he’s still obsessed with him. Do-hwa wants to get away from Min-jun, but he doesn’t hate him.

Can Na Do-hwa be able to escape Cha Min-jun? <<less

Ning Su’s hair is soft, his skin is pale, his expression is slightly sluggish, his body is thin, and he is out of place in the crowd of passers-by.... more>>

He listened to the people around him discussing how to clear the level of this dungeon, and asked: “I survived the level, does it count as clearing the level?”

The people around looked at him like a fool: What a pity.

After entering the dungeon, Ning Su really started to live a life of his own.

If there is a gloomy skull on the castle, Ning Su will pick it up and make it into a night light to sleep beautifully.

The waterfall turned into blood, and he took the stew in a small milk pot, his eyes shining brightly.

Occasionally, he will also make small clothes for ghosts crawling on the ground.

Later, he really survived, the NPCs are sticky to him, the ghost master followed him and called him ‘mother’, and he still had the bloody heart of the flower god in his chest.

“…”

For Ning Su, there is food and drink in the infinite horror world, which is much more wonderful than his previous life.

He lived in the doomsday era and used to be a supernatural being, but his supernatural power is different. He is a special dark supernatural being who can absorb all dark things.

The person in charge of the base asked him to purify the zombies and sent him to the zombie group.

He turned into a little dark zombie.

Humans did not like him, all dark beings loved him. <<less

In a world where the gender ratio is heavily skewed at 1:99, with a majority of women,... more>>

Men have become herbivorous and withdrawn, while women are treated coldly by the men.

Born into such a world, Shirogane Aqua aims to fulfill his unrealized dream from his previous life – to become an idol.

“If men in this world are cold to women, then I want to deliver smiles and gratitude to the wounded women and heal them.”

Teaming up with Atori Ako, whom he met at his part-time job at a major talent agency, they embark on their entertainment career.

Their activities not only bring happiness and salvation to numerous women in Japan, but also spread their wings of salvation to the world. <<less

On the server “Altar,” an upper-class survival game was officially launched. Survival was the only logic in the human game of alliance, betrayal, and human-natured games of deceit and treachery. After the smoke of gunpowder ends, only the survivors can speak.... more>>

As soon as he opened his eyes, the amnesiac An Wujiu saw a person at his side killed. While in confusion, a floating green typeface appeared before him.

Variable Name: An Wujiu

Attributes: Male, 20 years old

Game Rounds: 5

Win Rate: 100/100

Danger Rank: SSS

No wonder they were afraid.

The first time he saw An Wujiu, Shen Ti felt curious. The kindness and fragility in those eyes were not fake, so how could he survive in the Altar? It was until he saw the man had a sudden personality change. He recklessly gambled regardless of the cost, casually estranged people, grew further excited on the verge of death, and even calculated against himself to win. Only then did Shen Ti realize that it was his own cognitive bias.

Fortunately, he wasn’t a normal person either. <<less

Scarlett, the daughter of great watchmakers is the wife of Viktor Dumfelt. ... more>>

“There was a drug used to sharpen memories in your wife’s tea.”

“…drug?”

“Overdose could lead to amnesia.”

While she was interrogated by the police, she loses her memories because of those who opposed Viktor’s return to the royal family.

“By the time you get out of here, you won’t remember what happened here.”

A week of missing memories. And the secret Viktor hid, revealed in the newspaper.

“You betrayed me.”

Scarlett couldn’t find the words to explain, because nothing came to mind. Eventually, she decides to divorce Viktor.

“Goodbye, my love.”

That was how their relationship seemingly came to an end.

“Why do you keep coming?”

“If you don’t want me to come, come back.”

He had been indifferent all this time, but now, he hung around her with an unfamiliar look on his face.

Expressionless, Viktor slowly spoke, “I’m going to get you back.” <<less

[Please transform.]... more>>

[The penalty for disobedience is death.]

I am saying this because I have been wronged.

Help me! <<less

Lugis is an adventurer who accompanies the Hero’s team party. However, every day he has to fulfill tasks that are not pleasant at all. In... more>> addition, he is oppressed by the other members of the group. The only reason he remains on this journey is because of his childhood friend, Ariane. But she is fascinated with the team leader known as Hero. One day a shadow figure appears and tell Lugis, “Let me give you a chance. A chance to redraw your life.” And so, Lugis is given the opportunity to be sent to the past to restart his life. <<less

Lu Wenxing was very confused, obviously he had a beautiful face which was admired by everyone in the entertainment industry, he could sing, dance and act, but he still wasn’t popular.... more>>

Until…

He had a dream.

In the dream he was just a character in a book, the ending was already predetermined.

All his efforts were worthless under the aura of the main character Wen Yu.

Because –

He was a cannon fodder that set off the main character.

Lu Wenxing didn’t want to be a sidekick, so he handed a letter of termination of contract to the agent. The next day, he accidentally became popular because of a video.

[Ah!!! I can’t believe it, such a cute brother!]
[Crowdfunding small brother’s debut, please! ! ! 】

Who was planning to leave the entertainment industry? ? ?

The entire C city knew that the Wen family had a little prince who was loved by thousands of people, and his birthday party was so flamboyant and extravagant that it made the headlines.

But what they didn’t know was that Wen Yu wasn’t the youngest prince of the Wen family. And the real young prince was abducted at an early age and hadn’t been found.

When the paternity test report came out, the Wen family couldn’t wait to find Lu Wenxing, but they were afraid of scaring him.

“Xingxing, do you remember mommy?”

“Xingxing, I’m dad, does that ring a bell?”

“Xingxing, call me brother.”

#Shocking news! The popular star Lu Wenxing is actually the lost little prince of the Wen family! #

[Ahhhhh! Prince choose me, I’m super sweet!]
[All of you should leave, I’m the real Crown Princess!]
The movie star Gu Yanshen, who hasn’t sent a single tweet in months, quietly went online: @LuWenxing, the little prince, is mine. <<less

When other people experience a body transformation, it is inevitably either male to female or female to male.... more>>

Me? I wake up to find myself transformed into two different bodies.

Both a male body and a female body, one conscience operating two bodies, all sorts of embarrassing moments.

Walking together normally makes other people think that I am sweethearts with my other-self, such sadness.

Also, the entire business of a hero rescuing the beautiful maiden, I call Bull.

I get slashed by a sword and my female body gets abducted, and he wants me to thank him?!?! Can it be less of a tragedy? <<less

The world champion of the holographic mecha battle game “Warfall” is announced, and Ji Mingzhu claims the throne with an overwhelming dominance, well-deservedly so.... more>>

However, before the trophy could even cool down in his hands, he opens his eyes and finds himself in another world.

Alien invasions, colossal monsters spreading throughout the world, humans forced to retreat to the Twelve Satellite Cities and establish fortified walls for survival.

Self-proclaimed immortal mysterious beings become the rulers, overlooking all beings from their sky cities.

Complex belief systems, hidden forces at work, intelligent AIs coexisting with humans, and people struggling to survive in a shattered prosperity…

And he, not only devoid of the memories of his original self, but upon opening his eyes, he is tasked with a dangerous mission of hostage rescue…

Ji Mingzhu: Well, it seems like I’m in for a rough ride.

When the battles approach, Ji Mingzhu sits inside the mecha and gazes at the c*ckpit filled with intricate circuits and control buttons.

Ji Mingzhu: It looks somewhat familiar.

Ji Mingzhu: …Isn’t this the interface from “Warfall”?

Question: When you suddenly find yourself in a world overrun by monsters after winning an eSports championship, facing a deadly start with no knowledge other than gaming, how do you deal with the perilous situation of being surrounded by wolves?

The young man sits in the Titan mecha, known as the “God of Mortals,” and loosens his gloves, skillfully manipulating the complex buttons above.

Then, under his control, the hundred-meter-tall Titan rushes towards the alien creatures, with the power core emitting a deafening hum, alloy blades tearing through the clouds like lightning, firepower systems pushed to the limit, and explosions and flames engulfing the Titan, resembling an ancient deity, its immense power eclipsing the sky.

Ji Mingzhu: Thanks for the invitation, but I think we can crank up the intensity a bit more.

…

PS:

1. This story leans towards the plot and has a minimal focus on romantic relationships. Please be aware if that’s not your preference.

2. In the original world of “Warfall,” the c*ckpit design is semi-holographic, allowing the protagonist to quickly adapt to operating a real mecha. This will be explained in the story.

Content tags: Mecha, Action-packed, Upgrade progression, Outlandish ideas

Protagonist: Ji Nianzhu

One-sentence summary: Esports and mecha, not quite the same thing.

Theme: Forge ahead with courage, fear nothing.

The holographic mecha battle game “Warfall” crowns its world champion, Ji Mingzhu, with a sweeping victory. However, before he can even warm the trophy in his hands, he opens his eyes and finds himself in another world. Dangerous creatures, intricate belief systems, hidden forces at play, intelligent AI coexisting with humans, and people struggling to survive in a shattered prosperity… The secrets of this world gradually unravel, with danger and the unknown awaiting him on the horizon.

The fusion of a profound mechanical aesthetic and a sense of the future, a magnificent and dazzling world setting, and a complex intertwining plot… This story is intricately crafted, unique in its approach, offering moments of both sorrow and joy. With twists and turns in the narrative, it captivates readers and is worth a read. <<less

If selected as a player in a horror game, it’s either clear the game or die.... more>>

Ruan Qing had it worse. He directly became a special player who played the role of an NPC in the horror game, essentially living in the opening credits.

What’s even more unfortunate for him is that his physique is extremely peculiar, attracting the attention of sadists and psychopaths no matter where he goes.

Game 1: [Horror Livestream Room] – A gloomy and delicate victim who can’t bear the slightest grievance – Completed.

Those who owe debts always have to repay them, and once you owe a debt, you will be selected by the horror livestream.

Ruan Qing was the first to be chosen: “…”

After Ruan Qing was chosen, various ways of his death flooded the invisible barrage in the livestream room.

However, when the camera focused on Ruan Qing’s face, the barrage froze, and the previously cruel and heartless comments instantly changed.

[I don’t think he deserves to die. Isn’t it just an insult? He didn’t lose any flesh. Why make a big deal out of it?]

[I agree, I don’t think he’s a bad person.]
Initially, everyone said, [Someone so malicious should just die!]

But later, everyone flocked to the Weibo accounts of the people Ruan Qing had insulted: [You can’t even afford grapes, but you dare to eat steak. Do you still have any humanity?]

People who were inexplicably insulted: “??? Are you crazy?”

If you discover a serial killer knocking on your door, about to break in within a few minutes, what would you do? If it were any other host, the audience would probably be excited and want to see various ways they would die.

But if it were Ruan Qing…

[Don’t open the door, Ruan Qing! Please don’t open the door! Run away quickly!!!]
Ruan Qing took out his phone and dialed the number of the neighbor across the hall (another serial killer), “Hello, your food delivery has arrived. Can you please open the door and pick it up?” <<less

It was an exceptionally ordinary day, so unremarkable that Fang Chen couldn’t even recall what he had for breakfast that morning.... more>>

Like any other day, he went through the routine of washing up, having a meal, leaving for work, and returning home in the evening to organize files. However, everything changed when he heard strange noises outside just before going to sleep. He opened the door, and from that moment, everything became different.

A man with a rotting body, peculiar creatures that preyed on humans, a helpless middle-aged couple lying in a pool of blood, and an elite white-collar worker being consumed by their own pet… and that man who seemed to be following him everywhere.

This city wasn’t safe; they had to escape from here.

“I will always stay with you, right by your side.”

“Please, kill me.”

“Don’t be afraid.”

“I can't remember who are you… I… Was I the one who killed you?”

They had committed a sin, and so the punishment began. <<less

“I’m the Grand Duchess?”... more>>

The Grand Duchess lost her memory after falling into a lake.

Twenty-six-year-old Vivian Sandy Maguire became nineteen-year-old Vivian Sandy Janette.

In the diary she opened to retrieve her memories, she wrote that her marriage to Edgar was a contract and that she attempted su*cide due to her exhausting unrequited love and depression.

Vivian desperately avoids Edgar and prepares to leave.

Edgar was in pain at her actions.

He became willing to sell his soul if he could turn back time…

“I know it’s shameless, but I hope you like me again.”

He began to desperately circle around Vivian.

“If you want to get away from me, you can do so. I just will work harder to reach you.” <<less

Suddenly, high school student Subaru Natsuki has been summoned to another world on the way back from the convenience store. With the biggest crisis of his life being summoned to another world, and with no sign of the one who summoned him, things become even worse when he is attacked. ... more>>

But when he is saved by a mysterious, silver-haired girl with a fairy cat, Subaru attempts to return the favor by helping her track down something that was stolen from her. When they finally manage to get a clue, Subaru and the girl are attacked and killed by someone.

Subaru then awakens in the place he was summoned and notices he gained the ability “Returns by Death” and has become a helpless boy that only has the ability to rewind time to a certain point by dying.

Beyond the despair, can he save the girl from the fate of death? <<less

"You seem to have lost about two years of memories. It's amnesia. Shall we try opening up your mind?"... more>>

After waking up in the hospital following a carriage accident, she was told she had amnesia. She was slightly taken aback by his words, but it was okay. Nothing had changed, so there was nothing to worry about. But that night, she found a strange warning in her torn diary.

[You must not love him.]

...Him? Who was he?

In the moment of uneasy questioning, a black carriage stopped in front of her mansion, piercing through the damp mist.

"Just a few days ago, you sent a breakup note, and today you've completely forgotten me?"
"You claim to have been my lover, yet you can't even tell if I'm lying or not."
"I... don't know you?"

As if his words touched something within him, the man's voice ominously lowered.

"...How much more do I need to know about you before I can say I know you?"

Suppressing his rough desire, his golden eyes sank deeply.

"I know everything about you, even the parts you can't see."

The owner of the luxurious opera house dominating Carin's pleasure, Karl Winger, appeared, claiming to be her lover.

Suspicious headaches, a nighttime intruder, overwhelming inspiration.

What memories has she lost?
...Is approaching the truth really in her best interest? <<less

Vlad, a destitute youngster from the slums, held an unwavering admiration for knights. Following an encounter with a bolt of black lightning, he started hearing... more>> a mysterious voice. One fateful day, a knight cloaked in the shimmering glow of the blue moonlight appeared, completely upending Vlad's existence in the back alleys. This extraordinary event proved that even a faint star concealed among the darkest corners of the nocturnal firmament can still radiate its brilliance, should it yearn to shine. <<less

Tristan's wife for five years.
She put an end to the hellish married life she had to endure because she loved him.
Eliana, who left behind her beloved child and husband, decided to live a new life under the name Sera, erasing her memories, but she ended up returning to Tristan's embrace.... more>>

"Sera, this was the kind of relationship we had. Allowing each other's bodies to be ours alone."
"What happened? Ahhh-ang!"

Now Sera was curious about her past. So intensely curious that she had never been before in the past two years.
She felt so unfamiliar with herself, trembling like a crazy woman in the pleasure this man gave her.
Because her current appearance felt as if it wasn't her own. She wondered what the true Sera was like.

"Then come find a memory every night. Anything. Even a lingering trace." <<less